René Lacoste was one of the best and most successful tennis players of the 20th century. The Frenchman (14) __________________ the sport in the 1920s and early 1930s when he won many tennis (15) _________________in Europe and the America. Lacoste won seven Grand Slam titles and, (16) _________________ with the French team, won the Davis Cup in 1927 and 1928.
Lacoste was called "The Crocodile" because of the way he played tennis. He was always well-prepared and analysed the strengths and weaknesses of his opponents . He was very (17) ___________________ at the beginning of a match and tried to find a way (18) __________________ points. He would wait until the other player became weaker and then (19) _________________ him to win the game.
After his career (20) ________________ , Lacoste became a successful businessman. He
(21) _________________ a company that produced clothes for tennis players. A polo shirt with a crocodile on the chest quickly became (22) ___________________ all over the world. Even today, almost a hundred years (23) ____________________ , Lacoste is still a well-known label in the world of sports.
Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form of pollution, it is very difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by different individuals is highly subjective and, therefore, variable. Exposure to lower levels of noise may be slightly irritating, whereas exposure to higher levels may actually cause hearing loss. Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise produced as a by-product of our advancing technology causes physical and psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are exposed to it.
Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has no lid, and is, therefore, always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without protection.
Noise causes effects that the hearer cannot control and to which the body never becomes accustomed. Loud noises instinctively signal danger to any organism with a hearing mechanism, including human beings. In response, heartbeat and respiration accelerate, blood vessels constrict, the skin pales, and muscles tense. In fact, there is a general increase in functioning brought about by the flow of adrenaline released in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even longer than the noise, occasionally as long as thirty minutes after the sound has ceased.
Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly responding in the same way that we would respond to danger. Recently, researchers have concluded that noise and our response may be much more than an annoyance. It may be a serious threat to physical and psychological health and well-being, causing damage not only to the ear and brain but also to the heart and stomach. We have long known that hearing loss is America’s number one nonfatal health problem, but now we are learning that some of us with heart disease and ulcers may be victims of noise as well. Fetuses exposed to noise tend to be overactive, they cry easily, and they are more sensitive to gastrointestinal problems after birth. In addition, the psychic effect of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability, tension, and anxiety increase affecting the quality of rest during sleep, and the efficiency of activities during waking hours, as well as the way that we interact with each other.
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